Northern Africa, stretching from Egypt in the northeast to Mauritania in the west, is a region teeming with history, culture, and geopolitical significance. Here, we'll explore the intricate dynamics driving Northern Africa's current geopolitical landscape.

1. Historical Legacy:
Northern Africa's current geopolitics cannot be understood without delving into its colonial past. European powers, chiefly France and the UK, drew borders with little regard for ethnic, tribal, or cultural realities, sowing the seeds for many of today's conflicts.

2. The Arab Spring:
Beginning in Tunisia in late 2010, the Arab Spring's waves swept across Egypt, Libya, and beyond. While the movement initially promised democratic reform and a brighter future, the outcomes were diverse. While Tunisia transitioned to democracy, Libya plunged into civil war, and Egypt saw a military resurgence.

3. The Sahel and Security Challenges:
The Sahel, the semi-arid region south of the Sahara, is a hotbed of extremist groups, some with links to Al-Qaeda or ISIS. States like Mali and Niger directly impact the security of Northern African nations like Algeria and Mauritania.

4. Resource Politics:
Northern Africa is rich in resources - from Egypt's Nile waters, crucial for its agriculture and overall survival, to Libya's oil reserves to gold and diamonds. Control and access to these resources play pivotal roles in regional power dynamics.

5. Western Sahara Dispute:
The ongoing territorial dispute between Morocco and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, backed by Algeria, remains one of Africa's longest unresolved conflicts, directly impacting regional relations and cooperation.

6. Egypt & the Nile:
Egypt's dependence on the Nile's waters has led to tensions with upstream countries, chiefly Ethiopia, which recently built the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. How this plays out will significantly impact the entire North-East African geopolitical landscape.

7. External Actors:
Northern Africa has seen increasing interest from external powers, including the EU, US, China, and Russia. The EU, for instance, is heavily invested in curbing migration from the region, while China sees it as a crucial part of its Belt and Road Initiative. Russia sees the opportunity to invest militarily in areas the US has either backed away from for various reasons (think Benghazi) while countries like Israel work to build relations in the Western Sahara.

8. Regional Bodies and Cooperation:
Organizations like the African Union and the Arab Maghreb Union were envisaged to foster cooperation. However, geopolitical rivalries, such as that between Morocco and Algeria, have often hampered these bodies' efficacy.

9. Demographics and Urbanization:
A youthful population and rapid urbanization are bringing socio-political challenges and opportunities. While the young population can be a demographic dividend, if not properly harnessed, it can lead to unemployment and potential unrest.

10. Infectious Disease: Africa in general is home to some of the most evasive diseases on the planet such as The prevalence of diseases can vary widely across different regions, including Northern Africa. However, some of the common diseases found in this region include: Malaria, Schistosomiasis, Hepatitis A and E, Typhoid Fever, Tuberculosis (TB), HIV/AIDS, Dengue Fever, Cholera, Leishmaniasis, Measles, and Yellow Fever.

In conclusion, Northern Africa is a microcosm of global geopolitics, with its interplay of resources, history, regional rivalries, and external interests. Its future trajectory will not only influence the African continent but also have profound implications for Europe, the Middle East, and the rest of the world.